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最(zui)有(you)可能成(cheng)為21世紀主要的新能源(yuan)之一，什么是生物質(zhi)能源(yuan)？

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)由植物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光合作(zuo)用(yong)固定于地球(qiu)(qiu)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，最(zui)有可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成為(wei)(wei)21世紀主要的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)之一。據估計，植物(wu)(wu)(wu)每年貯存的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)約相當于世界主要燃料消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)10 倍；而(er)(er)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)量(liang)(liang)還不(bu)到其總量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)l%。這些未加以(yi)利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，為(wei)(wei)完成自然(ran)(ran)界的(de)(de)(de)(de)碳循環(huan)(huan)，其絕(jue)大部分(fen)由自然(ran)(ran)腐解將(jiang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)和碳素釋放，回到自然(ran)(ran)界中。事實(shi) 上(shang)(shang)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)人類利(li)用(yong)最(zui)早、最(zui)多(duo)、最(zui)直接的(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，至今，世界上(shang)(shang)仍有15億以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人口(kou)以(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)燃燒是(shi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)方式，不(bu)僅熱(re)效(xiao)率低 下，而(er)(er)且勞動強度大，污染嚴重。通過生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換技術可(ke)(ke)以(yi)高效(xiao)地利(li)用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)各種(zhong)清潔燃料，替代(dai)煤炭，石(shi)油和天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)等燃料，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)電力。而(er)(er)減少對礦 物(wu)(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)依賴，保(bao)護國家能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資源(yuan)(yuan)，減輕(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消費給環(huan)(huan)境造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)污染。專家認為(wei)(wei)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)將(jiang)成為(wei)(wei)未來持續(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)重要部分(fen)，到2015年，全球(qiu)(qiu)總能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗將(jiang)有40% 來自生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)。